Inferior vena caval filters: an overview of current use

Inferior vena cava filters trap dislodged clot and decrease recurrent pulmonary embolism. The main indications are pulmonary embolism or extensive deep vein thrombosis when anticoagulants are contraindicated, and recurrent pulmonary embolism despite adequate anticoagulation. Newer filters trap clinically significant emboli while maintaining patency, making them safe and effective.