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Idiopathic anaphylaxis in children

M B Hogan1, M A Kelly, N W Wilson

  • 1West Virginia University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Morgantown 26506-9214, USA.

Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology : Official Publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology
|September 2, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Idiopathic anaphylaxis in children, a condition without a clear cause, often presents with skin and respiratory symptoms. Early recognition and corticosteroid treatment are crucial for managing this potentially life-threatening allergic reaction.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Clinical Immunology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Idiopathic anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction lacking an identifiable trigger.
  • Distinct from IgE-mediated anaphylaxis, it responds to corticosteroid therapy.
  • Limited data exists, with only 22 pediatric cases previously reported.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the clinical presentation and features of idiopathic anaphylaxis in pediatric patients.
  • To highlight the importance of recognizing this condition in children.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records for children diagnosed with idiopathic anaphylaxis.
  • Data collected from a pediatric allergy clinic.

Main Results:

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  • Eight pediatric cases of idiopathic anaphylaxis were identified.
  • Common symptoms included urticaria, angioedema, flushing, and respiratory distress (wheezing, airway angioedema).
  • Gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea were also noted; patients experienced severe events but responded well to treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric idiopathic anaphylaxis can occur at any age and may be misdiagnosed as anaphylaxis of unknown antigen.
  • Prompt diagnosis and appropriate corticosteroid treatment are vital to prevent fatal outcomes.
  • Recognizing this distinct entity is essential for effective pediatric patient management.