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Measles immunity and immunization status in under-5-year-old children in New South Wales: a population-based study
M J Ferson1, P W Robertson, J W Donovan
1Public Health Unit, South Eastern Sydney Area Health Service, Zetland, New South Wales, Australia. mfers@doh.health.nsw.gov.au
Objective:
To estimate the proportion of 1-4-year-old New South Wales children immune to measles and compare the documented immunization history with serologically defined immune status.
Design:
Population based seroprevalence survey piggybacked onto the National Survey of Lead in Children. Immune status was determined by two different enzyme immunoassays on plasma samples from subjects.
Setting:
New South Wales, February-March 1995.
Outcome Measures:
Documented measles immunization collected by interview survey and serologically defined immunity.
Results:
Of 689 survey subjects, 430 (62.4%) provided a blood sample. Adequate plasma remained for both assays for 347 children, of whom 279 (80.4%) were immune by both assays. Parents of 330 stated that their children were immunised, of whom 211 (63.9%) were able to produce corroborating records. Of these 211 subjects, 178 (84.4%) were immune compared to 87 (76.3%) of 114 without records (P = 0.07).
Conclusions:
We estimate the prevalence of true measles immunity in 1-4-year-old NSW children to be only 80%, a level inadequate to prevent outbreaks of measles in urban populations. Both long term and immediate strategies are required to increase the prevalence of immunity among NSW children; these may include lowering the age of the routine second measles dose and mounting a mass measles immunisation campaign to include preschool aged children.
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