[Ways of prevention of kidney lesions during nephrolithotomy or extracorporeal lithotripsy in nephrolithiasis]

Outcomes of nephrolithiasis treatment depend not only on renal dysfunction resultant from abnormal urine passage and concomitant infection but also on intraoperative mechanical trauma and ischemia. To compare renal damage induced by nephrolithotomy with that of shock-wave lithotripsy and effects of chemotherapy, 54 patients with nephrolithiasis were divided into 2 groups and 2 subgroups. Patients of group 1 underwent nephrolithotomy, those of group 2--extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Subgroups "a" in both groups received no chemotherapy, subgroups "b" were treated with alpha-tocopherol, pentoxifylline, indomethacin. ESWL was found less traumatic. Postoperative drug prophylaxis promoted more pronounced inhibition of lipid peroxidation products and urinary enzymes activity, contributing to lessening of the operative trauma. Anti-ischemic protection of the kidneys also improved renal function.