Retrospective dose reconstruction of human radiation exposure by FISH/chromosome painting

Measurements of stable chromosomal aberrations by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH)-chromosome painting has the potential to be used for dose reconstruction, years after exposure to ionising radiation. The method is, however, not yet fully standardised and validated. In particular, with respect to the limited lifespan of circulating T-lymphocytes, a level of uncertainty exists on the long-term persistence of stable aberrations. The main principles of the technique will be demonstrated. Based on results from the literature, the reliability and limitations are discussed.