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Congenital candidiasis: varied presentations

V K Pradeepkumar1, V S Rajadurai, K W Tan

  • 1Department of Neonatology II, Kandang Kerbau Hospital, Singapore.

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association
|September 8, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Congenital candidiasis is a rare but serious condition in newborns. Early recognition of skin lesions and systemic signs is crucial for timely treatment and improved outcomes in neonates.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Mycology

Background:

  • Congenital candidiasis is a rare fungal infection in neonates, particularly the disseminated form.
  • It is most commonly reported in very low birth weight infants, but cases can occur without typical risk factors.

Observation:

  • This report details five cases: two cutaneous and three systemic congenital candidiasis.
  • Symptoms appeared within 24 hours of birth, with varied presentations including rashes, bullous lesions, leukemoid reactions, hyperglycemia, and skin mottling.
  • One infant developed meningitis; autopsy revealed Candida in the liver and lungs.

Findings:

  • Urine microscopy via suprapubic bladder aspiration proved a valuable marker for systemic Candida invasion.
  • Characteristic skin lesions within 24 hours of life are key indicators of congenital candidal infection.

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Implications:

  • Recognizing Candida as a potential pathogen in critically ill neonates is vital, even with nonspecific symptoms.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment of congenital disseminated candidiasis can lead to favorable outcomes despite high reported mortality.