Upper urinary tract inverted papillomas

Inverted papilloma is a rare, benign tumor. Only 33 cases to date have been reported to have occurred in the upper urinary tract. These lesions have a male predominance, are difficult to diagnose, and are associated with urothelial malignancy. Because transitional cell carcinoma can present even 8 years after surgery and in other sites within the urinary system, careful follow-up is essential. This article adds 2 new cases and 1 follow-up of a previously reported case from 1990.