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Polymyalgia rheumatica in biopsy proven giant cell arteritis does not constitute a different subset but differs from
M A González-Gay1, C García-Porrúa, M Vázquez-Caruncho
1Division of Rheumatology, Hospital Xeral-Calde, Lugo, Spain.
Objective:
To assess clinical and laboratory features that may be useful in differentiating isolated polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) from PMR associated with biopsy proven giant cell arteritis (GCA); and in differentiating biopsy proven GCA associated with PMR from GCA without manifestations of PMR.
Methods:
Clinical records of patients with PMR and biopsy proven GCA diagnosed at Hospital Xeral, Lugo, Spain from January 1987 through May 1997 were reviewed. Patients with a positive temporal artery biopsy were categorized into 2 different subgroups according to the presence or absence of associated PMR. The patients with biopsy proven GCA associated with PMR were compared with a group of patients with isolated PMR (not associated with GCA).
Results:
From a total of 108 biopsy proven patients with GCA, 45 had associated PMR. Apart from a predominance of women and a longer delay to diagnosis, patients with PMR associated with GCA did not differ from the patients with GCA without PMR manifestations. In comparing patients with isolated PMR (n=117) with patients with PMR associated with GCA, we observed that PMR associated with GCA was a more severe disease, with significant abnormality in most laboratory variables, including constitutional syndrome, higher elevation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and platelet counts, and lower values of hemoglobin.
Conclusion:
In both isolated PMR and PMR associated with GCA we observed a predominance of women. While there are no differences in the type of polymyalgia symptoms in patients with isolated PMR versus PMR associated with GCA, severe abnormalities associated with the inflammatory response in PMR may have prognostic value for more severe disease, which may be linked to the presence of GCA.
Insights
Distinguishing polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) from giant cell arteritis (GCA) is crucial. Severe inflammatory markers in PMR may indicate underlying GCA, suggesting a more severe disease course.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Internal Medicine
- Clinical Diagnostics
Background:
- Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and giant cell arteritis (GCA) are inflammatory conditions.
- Differentiating isolated PMR from PMR associated with GCA is clinically important.
- Distinguishing GCA with PMR from GCA without PMR symptoms aids in patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify clinical and laboratory features differentiating isolated PMR from PMR associated with biopsy-proven GCA.
- To differentiate biopsy-proven GCA with PMR from GCA without PMR manifestations.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of clinical records of patients with PMR and biopsy-proven GCA.
- Categorization of GCA patients into subgroups based on the presence or absence of PMR.
- Comparison between isolated PMR patients and GCA patients with associated PMR.
Main Results:
- Patients with PMR associated with GCA showed more severe disease markers compared to isolated PMR.
- Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and platelet counts, and lower hemoglobin were noted in PMR associated with GCA.
- No significant differences in polymyalgia symptoms were found between isolated PMR and PMR associated with GCA.
Conclusions:
- A predominance of women was observed in both isolated PMR and PMR associated with GCA.
- Severe inflammatory response abnormalities in PMR may predict a more severe disease, potentially linked to GCA.
- Clinical and laboratory findings can aid in differentiating these conditions.