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Bacillus pseudomycoides sp. nov

L K Nakamura1

  • 1National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Peoria, IL 61604, USA. Inakamura@sunca.ncaur.usda.gov

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology
|September 12, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Two genetically distinct groups within Bacillus mycoides were identified. One group is proposed as a new species, Bacillus pseudomycoides, based on DNA relatedness and fatty acid analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacterial Taxonomy

Background:

  • Bacillus mycoides strains previously segregated into two distinct genetic groups.
  • One group was identified as B. mycoides sensu stricto, while the other remained unclassified.
  • Phenotypic similarity obscured clear taxonomic differentiation between these groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To taxonomically classify the unclassified Bacillus mycoides group.
  • To differentiate between the two genetic groups using molecular and phenotypic methods.
  • To propose a new species name if genetic and phenotypic data supported it.

Main Methods:

  • DNA relatedness studies were performed on 36 Bacillus mycoides strains.
  • Phenotypic characteristics and 16S RNA gene sequences were determined.
  • Fatty acid composition analysis was used for differentiation.

Main Results:

  • The 36 strains segregated into two distinct genetic groups with ~30% DNA relatedness.
  • Both groups showed high 16S RNA sequence similarity (98%) and clustered with Bacillus cereus.
  • Fatty acid profiles clearly distinguished the two B. mycoides groups and B. cereus.

Conclusions:

  • The unclassified Bacillus mycoides group represents a distinct taxon.
  • Bacillus pseudomycoides is proposed as a new species (type strain NRRL B-617).
  • Fatty acid composition is a key differentiator for these closely related Bacillus species.

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