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Noncariogenic intense natural sweeteners

A D Kinghorn1, N Kaneda, N I Baek

  • 1Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612, USA.

Medicinal Research Reviews
|September 15, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Researchers are exploring natural, non-cariogenic sweeteners from plants to replace sucrose, which causes dental caries. Studies investigate plant compounds and use gerbil models to assess sweetness and safety, offering alternatives to artificial sweeteners.

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Area of Science:

  • Food Science
  • Natural Products Chemistry
  • Dental Research

Background:

  • Dietary sucrose consumption is directly linked to dental caries (cavities).
  • Non-cariogenic sucrose substitutes are sought for foods, beverages, and medicines.
  • Approved artificial sweeteners in the US include saccharin, aspartame, acesulfame potassium, and sucralose.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discover and evaluate novel, potentially non-cariogenic sweeteners derived from plants.
  • To investigate the feasibility of using animal models for sweetness and cariogenicity assessment.
  • To identify promising plant-based sweet compounds for reduced dental caries risk.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on identifying novel sweeteners from sesquiterpenoid, diterpenoid, triterpenoid, steroidal saponin, and proanthocyanidin classes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized Mongolian gerbil electrophysiological and behavioral assays to monitor sweetness of plant extracts and isolates.
  • Conducted in vivo cariogenicity studies on natural sweeteners stevioside and rebaudioside A.

    • Main Results:

    • Progress made in identifying and evaluating plant-derived compounds for sweetness.
    • Gerbil assays demonstrated feasibility for monitoring sweetener properties.
    • In vivo studies provided data on the cariogenicity of stevioside and rebaudioside A.

    Conclusions:

    • Plant-derived compounds represent a promising source for novel, non-cariogenic sweeteners.
    • Animal models are effective tools for screening and evaluating potential sweetener candidates.
    • Further research into natural sweeteners can lead to healthier alternatives to sucrose, reducing dental caries incidence.