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Interosseous muscles in claw finger

A Mentari, R J Johnson, J Yu

    Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
    |October 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Maximal metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint extension limits active finger extension by blocking both the extensor digitorum communis and intrinsic hand muscles, explaining claw finger development without paralysis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Orthopedics
    • Anatomy
    • Biomechanics

    Background:

    • The inability to actively extend interphalangeal (IP) joints in normal hands is common when metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints are maximally extended.
    • This limitation is rarely due to flexor tendon tightness.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the biomechanical reasons behind the inability to actively extend IP joints when MCP joints are maximally extended.
    • To elucidate the mechanism of claw finger development in the absence of intrinsic hand muscle paralysis.

    Main Methods:

    • Tested active finger extension in 75 adult subjects with wrists in neutral position.
    • Performed electromyographic recordings of interossei muscles in one subject.
    • Conducted macroscopic and strain gauge studies on cadaver hands.

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    Main Results:

    • 72 out of 75 subjects could not actively extend IP joints with maximally extended MCP joints.
    • Maximal MCP extension prevented movement of the lateral band of the extensor aponeurosis when applying traction to interossei muscles in cadaver specimens.
    • Electromyography showed interossei muscle activity with flexed IP joints during maximal MCP extension.

    Conclusions:

    • Maximal MCP joint extension significantly restricts active finger extension.
    • This restriction occurs by blocking the action of both the extensor digitorum communis and intrinsic hand muscles (interossei).
    • This mechanism explains the development of claw finger deformities without intrinsic muscle paralysis.