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Interstitial cystitis

D R Erickson1, M F Davies

  • 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey 17033-0850, USA.

International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction
|September 24, 1998
PubMed
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Interstitial cystitis (IC), a condition causing pelvic pain and urinary urgency, presents diagnostic challenges due to normal initial tests. Cystoscopy with bladder distension reveals characteristic inflammation, guiding treatment for this complex syndrome.

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a chronic condition characterized by pelvic pain, urinary frequency, and urgency.
  • The exact causes of IC remain unknown, despite various proposed etiologies.
  • Diagnosis is frequently delayed due to typically normal findings in conventional evaluations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic challenges and methods for interstitial cystitis (IC).
  • To review the proposed treatments for IC and their effectiveness.

Main Methods:

  • Conventional diagnostic evaluations including pelvic examination, urodynamics, urinalysis, and urine culture often yield normal results.
  • The definitive diagnostic procedure involves cystoscopy under anesthesia with bladder distension.
  • Key diagnostic findings include submucosal hemorrhages (glomerulations) or ulcers observed after distension.

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Main Results:

  • Bladder distension during cystoscopy can provide significant, albeit temporary, symptom relief for some IC patients.
  • Patients with severe bladder inflammation, often older individuals, may experience the most benefit from bladder distension.
  • A wide range of oral, intravesical, and adjunctive therapies are available for managing IC symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Interstitial cystitis (IC) diagnosis requires specialized procedures beyond standard tests.
  • Effective management of IC involves sequential empirical treatments tailored to individual patient responses.
  • Bladder distension is a valuable diagnostic and therapeutic tool for select IC patients.