Recognizing the Range of Mood Disorders in Women

Depression strikes twice as many women as men. The dramatic changes in psychoactive hormones like estrogen and progesterone that occur during menstrual cycles and during pregnancy are believed to be key factors. According to the 4th Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV), the diagnosis of depression requires that specific criteria be met: depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure of at least 2 weeks' duration plus at least 4 of the following additional symptoms: change in weight, altered sleep pattern, psychomotor agitation or retardation, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, and suicidal ideation. Several new drug therapies are available for treating major depressive illness.