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Related Experiment Videos

Response bias in visual serial order memory

J Kerr1, G Ward, S E Avons

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom. kerrjr@essex.ac.uk

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|September 25, 1998
PubMed
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The recency-to-primacy shift in memory is not caused by retention intervals but by changes in response bias. Correcting for response bias eliminated the observed shift in serial order memory effects.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human Memory Research

Background:

  • The recency-to-primacy shift is a key phenomenon in serial order memory.
  • Existing memory theories struggle to explain this shift as retention intervals increase.
  • Typically, recency effects dominate short intervals, while primacy effects emerge at longer ones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the recency-to-primacy shift in memory.
  • To determine if response bias influences the observed shift.
  • To re-evaluate memory theories based on experimental findings.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted with 24 participants each.
  • Participants viewed sets of 4 unfamiliar faces.
  • Serial position recall was assessed after 0 or 10-second retention intervals.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • A recency-to-primacy shift was initially observed with accuracy-based responses.
  • Analysis revealed a significant change in response bias correlated with retention interval.
  • After correcting for response bias, the recency-to-primacy shift disappeared.

Conclusions:

  • Response bias, not retention interval, appears to drive the recency-to-primacy shift in this task.
  • This finding challenges existing explanations of serial order effects in memory.
  • Further research should consider response bias in memory experiments.