Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 28, 2026

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement
14:14

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement

Published on: December 11, 2017

[Mid-term results of treatment of aortic coarctation in neonates]

S Di Filippo1, A Bozio, F Sassolas

  • 1Service de cardiologie C, hôpital cardiovasculaire et pneumologique Louis-Pradel, Lyon.

Archives Des Maladies Du Coeur Et Des Vaisseaux
|September 28, 1998
PubMed

Insights

This study on coarctation of the aorta in neonates found that associated aortic arch hypoplasia and large ventricular septal defects increase mortality risk. Restenosis occurred in 28.5% of cases, often before six months post-surgery.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Disease
  • Neonatal Surgery

Context:

  • Coarctation of the aorta is a critical congenital heart defect.
  • Neonates often present with isolated or complex forms of coarctation.
  • Associated anomalies like ventricular septal defects and aortic arch hypoplasia significantly impact outcomes.

Purpose:

  • To analyze the clinical presentation, surgical management, and outcomes of neonates with coarctation of the aorta.
  • To identify risk factors for mortality and restenosis in this population.
  • To evaluate the long-term survival and restenosis rates after surgical repair.

Summary:

  • A cohort of 122 neonates with coarctation of the aorta was studied, with 75% being male. Isolated coarctation occurred in 54 cases, while 72 had associated ventricular septal defects. Aortic arch hypoplasia was noted in 52 cases, more frequently with ventricular septal defects. Diagnosis was delayed in isolated coarctation compared to complex cases. Surgical repair involved thoracotomy in 112 patients and sternotomy in 7. Early mortality was 2.5%, with late mortality at 9.5%, higher in cases with large ventricular septal defects and aortic arch hypoplasia. Global survival was 98.2% at 8 years, but survival for coarctation with ventricular septal defect was 74.7% at 8 years, particularly worse with large interventricular shunts. Restenosis occurred in 28.5% of cases, typically within 6 months, and was managed with percutaneous aortic angioplasty.
  • Key risk factors for increased mortality included aortic arch hypoplasia and large ventricular septal defects. Restenosis was a significant complication, observed in approximately one in four patients, predominantly in the early postoperative period.

Impact:

  • This research highlights critical factors influencing survival in neonates with coarctation of the aorta.
  • Understanding these risk factors aids in surgical planning and patient management.
  • The findings underscore the importance of timely diagnosis and intervention for improved long-term outcomes and reduced restenosis rates.

Related Concept Videos

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care

Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...