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[Neonatal ventricular tachycardia]

E Villain1, G Butera, D Bonnet

  • 1Service de cardiologie pédiatrique, hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris.

Archives Des Maladies Du Coeur Et Des Vaisseaux
|September 28, 1998
PubMed
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Neonatal ventricular tachycardia, though rare, typically has a good prognosis. Most infants achieve a cure with simple treatments like beta-blockers or amiodarone, even if the arrhythmia is persistent.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Cardiology
  • Pediatric Electrophysiology
  • Cardiac Arrhythmias

Background:

  • Ventricular tachycardia (VT) in neonates is uncommon and not well understood.
  • Existing literature on neonatal VT is limited, necessitating further investigation into its characteristics and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrospectively analyze the clinical presentation, electrocardiographic features, treatment, and prognosis of ventricular tachycardia in neonates.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of various therapeutic interventions for neonatal VT.
  • To determine factors influencing the prognosis of neonatal VT.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 10 cases (2 fetuses, 8 neonates) diagnosed with ventricular tachycardia.
  • Analysis of clinical data, electrocardiographic findings (wide QRS, AV dissociation), and treatment modalities (magnesium sulfate, beta-blockers, amiodarone).

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  • Follow-up assessment of treatment outcomes and long-term prognosis.

    • Main Results:

    • The study included 10 patients (2 fetuses, 8 neonates) aged 1-20 days at diagnosis.
    • Ventricular tachycardia was mostly monomorphic (9/10) with rates >150/min; 7 cases were incessant.
    • Nine patients were cured and remained free of treatment 12-24 months later; one had a slow, tolerated VT. No etiology was found in 9 cases; one had a fatty acid oxidation disorder.

    Conclusions:

    • Isolated, idiopathic neonatal ventricular tachycardia generally carries a favorable prognosis, irrespective of arrhythmia persistence.
    • Simple treatments, including beta-blockers and amiodarone, are effective in restoring sinus rhythm and achieving long-term cure.
    • Successful treatment often leads to a definitive cure within the first year of life.