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Morphological effects of Pasteurella multocida type-D dermonecrotoxin on rat osteosarcoma cells in a nude mouse model
N W Dyer1, J S Haynes, M R Ackermann
1Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105, USA.
Abstract:
Of 15 athymic nude mice that received subcutaneous implants of a rat osteosarcoma cell line, two groups of four subsequently received either a short (group 1) or a more prolonged (group 2) course of subcutaneous injections of the dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) of Pasteurella multocida type D. The remaining seven mice (controls) received no DNT. Both groups of DNT-treated mice lost body weight as compared with controls. Tumour weight, expressed as a percentage of body weight, increased in the four group 1 mice. Tumours in this group 1 were consistently larger than those in appropriate controls, indicating that this percentage was not simply a function of decreased body weight. The immunohistochemical labelling of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and morphometric analysis of intratumoral necrosis suggested that the DNT had a mitogenic effect and contributed to the neoplastic growth. The presence of foci of neoplastic osteoblasts in the lungs of some DNT-treated mice suggested that the enhanced tumour growth led to an increased incidence of metastasis.
Insights
Pasteurella multocida type D dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) administration in mice led to increased osteosarcoma tumor growth and weight. DNT may promote neoplastic growth and metastasis, suggesting a potential role in cancer progression.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Microbiology
- Immunology
Background:
- Osteosarcoma is a primary bone cancer.
- Pasteurella multocida type D produces a dermonecrotic toxin (DNT).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of Pasteurella multocida type D dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) on osteosarcoma tumor growth in vivo.
- To evaluate the potential mitogenic and metastatic effects of DNT.
Main Methods:
- Subcutaneous implantation of rat osteosarcoma cells in athymic nude mice.
- Administration of Pasteurella multocida type D DNT via subcutaneous injections in two groups.
- Control group received no DNT.
- Body weight, tumor weight, immunohistochemical labeling for PCNA, and morphometric analysis of necrosis were assessed.
Main Results:
- DNT-treated mice exhibited body weight loss compared to controls.
- Tumor weight as a percentage of body weight increased in DNT-treated mice.
- Immunohistochemistry and necrosis analysis suggested a mitogenic effect of DNT on neoplastic growth.
- Foci of neoplastic osteoblasts in lungs of DNT-treated mice indicated increased metastasis.
Conclusions:
- Pasteurella multocida type D DNT may promote osteosarcoma tumor growth.
- DNT exhibits mitogenic properties and may contribute to neoplastic progression.
- Enhanced tumor growth due to DNT may increase the incidence of metastasis.