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Related Experiment Videos

[Prostatic mass screening program and its technology]

H Watanabe1, S Nakagawa

  • 1Third Department of Basic Medicine, Meiji University of Oriental Medicine.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|September 29, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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This study details the evolution of prostate cancer (PC) screening in Japan, starting with transrectal sonography (TRS) and incorporating digital rectal examination (DRE) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing. The program successfully detects early-stage PC, highlighting its importance in preventive oncology.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Urology
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Context:

  • Prostate cancer (PC) screening programs are crucial for early detection and improved patient outcomes.
  • The evolution of PC screening has involved integrating various diagnostic modalities over time.
  • The Foundation for Prostate Research in Japan has facilitated large-scale screening initiatives.

Purpose:

  • To describe the development and implementation of a comprehensive mass screening program for prostate cancer (PC) in Japan.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of different screening methods, including transrectal sonography (TRS), digital rectal examination (DRE), and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing.
  • To assess the yield of early-stage PC detection through mass screening.

Summary:

  • The Japanese PC mass screening program, initiated in 1975, evolved from using TRS to incorporating DRE (1984) and PSA testing (1995).

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  • Screening protocols involved tiered approaches based on PSA levels, with specific criteria for secondary examinations and biopsies.
  • A survey of 97,066 subjects detected 817 PC cases, with 53% diagnosed at an early stage.

    • Impact:

    • Prostate cancer screening is recognized as a vital component of national preventive oncology strategies in Japan.
    • The program's success in detecting early-stage cancers underscores the value of organized screening efforts.
    • This comprehensive approach contributes to reducing the burden of advanced prostate cancer.