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Executive cognitive functioning in alcohol use disorders

P R Giancola1, H B Moss

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.

Recent Developments in Alcoholism : an Official Publication of the American Medical Society on Alcoholism, the Research Society on Alcoholism, and the National Council on Alcoholism
|September 30, 1998
PubMed
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Executive cognitive functioning (ECF) deficits are linked to alcoholism etiology. These executive cognitive functioning impairments may underlie various behavioral disorders, not just alcoholism.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Executive cognitive functioning (ECF) is crucial for self-regulation and goal-directed behavior.
  • The prefrontal cortex and its connections are the neurological basis for ECF.
  • Mild ECF dysfunction is observed in alcoholics and those at high risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review literature on ECF deficits in alcoholism and comorbid disorders.
  • To propose a cognitive-neurobehavioral model of alcoholism.
  • To discuss prevention and treatment strategies based on the model.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on executive cognitive functioning and alcoholism.
  • Analysis of ECF deficits in comorbid conditions like antisocial personality disorder, ADHD, and conduct disorder.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Development of a heuristic cognitive-neurobehavioral model.

    • Main Results:

    • ECF deficits are more pronounced in alcoholics with comorbid antisocial personality disorder.
    • Individuals with ADHD and conduct disorder also show ECF deficits.
    • Compromised ECF may be a common substrate for behavioral disinhibition disorders.

    Conclusions:

    • ECF deficits are implicated in the etiology of alcoholism and related behavioral disorders.
    • A frontostriatal system model is proposed for understanding alcoholism.
    • Targeting ECF deficits may inform alcoholism prevention and treatment.