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Acalculous acute cholecystitis in leukemia
Y Büyükaşik1, A Koşar, H Demiroğlu
1Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey. yahyab@neuron.ato.org.tr
Insights
Acalculous acute cholecystitis (AAC) occurred in 1.65% of acute leukemia patients. Infectious agents and visceral ischemia may contribute to AAC development in leukemia patients.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Gastroenterology
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Acalculous acute cholecystitis (AAC) is a recognized complication in critically ill patients.
- Data on AAC incidence and pathogenesis in leukemic patients is limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the incidence, potential pathogenetic mechanisms, and clinical outcomes of AAC in patients with leukemia.
- To determine the frequency of AAC in acute and chronic leukemia cases.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of medical records for 426 patients diagnosed with acute or chronic leukemia.
- Identification of AAC cases and analysis of clinical data, treatment, and outcomes.
- Histological examination of surgical specimens from patients who underwent cholecystectomy.
Main Results:
- Six cases of AAC were identified among 426 leukemia patients, with an incidence of 1.65% (5/302) in acute leukemias.
- Three patients underwent cholecystectomy, with two achieving complete recovery.
- One patient successfully underwent percutaneous cholecystostomy.
- Histological findings did not reveal specific etiopathogenetic factors for AAC in this cohort.
Conclusions:
- AAC is an uncommon but significant complication in leukemia patients.
- Clinical data suggests that infectious agents and visceral ischemia may play a role in the pathogenesis of AAC in leukemia.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the specific mechanisms and optimize management strategies for AAC in leukemic patients.
Abstract:
Acalculous acute cholecystitis (AAC) is a well-known complication in critically ill patients. However, there is no satisfactory data regarding this complication in leukemic patients. We reviewed the medical records of 426 patients with acute or chronic leukemia retrospectively to investigate the incidence, possible pathogenetic mechanisms, and clinical course of AAC in leukemia. Six cases of AAC were identified. The incidence was 1.65% (5/302) for acute leukemias. Three out of 6 patients underwent cholecystectomy, and two recovered completely. Percutaneous cholecystostomy was performed in another patient successfully. Careful histological examinations of the surgical specimens did not reveal any specific etiopathogenetic finding. However, clinical data suggested that infectious agents and visceral ischemia may contribute to the pathogenesis of AAC in leukemia.