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[The relation between platelet aggregation and constitutional and lifestyle variables in two Japanese communities]
1Department of Epidemiology and Mass Examination, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases.
Insights
This study found that higher intake of n3-polyunsaturated fatty acids and moderate alcohol consumption (indicated by gamma-GTP) reduce platelet aggregation, a key factor in cardiovascular disease. Conversely, age, white blood cell count, and arachidonic acid increase it.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Disease Research
- Hematology
- Nutritional Epidemiology
Context:
- Platelet aggregation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.
- Understanding factors influencing platelet aggregation is vital for disease prevention strategies.
- This study focuses on middle-aged to older males in specific Japanese communities.
Purpose:
- To investigate the relationship between constitutional and lifestyle variables and platelet aggregation.
- To identify specific dietary and biological factors that modulate platelet aggregation.
- To explore the contribution of platelet aggregation to cardiovascular disease development.
Summary:
- Examined 306 males (50-70 years) using Adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) induced platelet aggregatory threshold index (PATI).
- Multiple regression analysis revealed inverse associations between age, platelet count, mean platelet volume, white blood cell count, and serum arachidonic acid with log PATI.
- Serum n3-polyunsaturated fatty acids and gamma-GTP (alcohol intake index) showed positive associations with log PATI, indicating reduced platelet aggregation.
Impact:
- Identifies key modifiable (dietary fatty acids, alcohol intake) and non-modifiable (age, WBC count) factors influencing platelet aggregation.
- Provides insights into mechanisms underlying cardiovascular disease development.
- Suggests potential targets for interventions aimed at reducing cardiovascular risk through modulation of platelet activity.
Abstract:
To investigate the contribution of the platelet aggregation in the development of cardiovascular diseases, we examined the relation of constitutional and lifestyle variables with platelet aggregation for a total of 306 males aged 50 to 70 in Ikawa town, Akita prefecture (n = 163) and Noichi town, Kochi prefecture (n = 143). The examination of platelet aggregation was completed within 3 hours of obtaining blood samples. We used ADP (Adenosine 5'-diphosphate) as an agonist and obtained PATI (the platelet aggregatory threshold index) by nephelometry. Platelet count, mean platelet volume, white blood cell count, serum fatty acid compositions were also examined and dietary intake of fish, seafood and soy bean foods were inquired using one-week dietary records. PATI indicated a logarithmic normal distribution in both Ikawa and Noichi. The mean of logarithmic transformed PATI (log PATI) was higher in Ikawa than in Noichi. Thus platelet aggregation was lower in Ikawa than in Noichi. According to multiple regression analysis, age, platelet count in platelet rich plasma, mean platelet volume in platelet rich plasma, and white blood cell count were inversely associated with log PATI. Serum arachidonic acid composition tended to be inversely related with log PATI. Serum n3-polyunsaturated fatty acid composition was positively related with log PATI, and log gamma-GTP tended to be positively associated with log PATI. Soy protein intake and cigarette smoking showed no consistent associations with log PATI. This cross-sectional study suggests that serum n3-polyunsaturated fatty acid, and gamma-GTP, as an index of alcohol intake, reduce platelet aggregation while age, white blood cell count, platelet count, mean platelet volume, and serum arachidonic acid raise platelet aggregation.