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[Laboratory and clinical studies on tazobactam/piperacillin in the field of pediatrics]
1Department of Pediatrics, Anjo Kosei Hospital.
Insights
Tazobactam/piperacillin (TAZ/PIPC) demonstrated excellent clinical efficacy and safety in pediatric patients with bacterial infections. This combination antibiotic showed favorable pharmacokinetic profiles and potent antibacterial activity, making it a valuable treatment option.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pharmacology
- Infectious Diseases
- Antimicrobial Agents
Background:
- Tazobactam/piperacillin (TAZ/PIPC) is a combination antibiotic comprising piperacillin (PIPC) and the beta-lactamase inhibitor tazobactam (TAZ).
- Pediatric studies are essential to evaluate the safety and efficacy of new antimicrobial agents in children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the pharmacokinetics, antibacterial activity, clinical efficacy, and safety of TAZ/PIPC in pediatric patients.
- To determine the suitability of TAZ/PIPC as a therapeutic option for various bacterial infections in children.
Main Methods:
- Laboratory and clinical studies were conducted.
- Pharmacokinetic parameters were assessed after intravenous administration of TAZ/PIPC at different doses.
- Antibacterial activity was determined by minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against clinical isolates.
- Clinical efficacy and safety were evaluated in pediatric patients with bacterial infections.
Main Results:
- TAZ/PIPC exhibited favorable pharmacokinetic profiles with predictable plasma levels and half-lives in pediatric patients.
- The combination demonstrated potent in vitro activity against key pediatric pathogens, including Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
- Clinical studies showed a 100% overall efficacy rate, with 64.3% excellent responses in 14 pediatric patients.
- The treatment was well-tolerated, with only mild side effects like loose stool reported in one case.
Conclusions:
- Tazobactam/piperacillin (TAZ/PIPC) is a safe and effective antibiotic for treating bacterial infections in pediatric patients.
- The drug's pharmacokinetic properties, potent antibacterial action, and high clinical success rate support its use in pediatric infectious disease management.
Abstract:
Laboratory and clinical studies on tazobactam/piperacillin (TAZ/PIPC), a combination drug of piperacillin (PIPC) with the new beta-lactamase inhibitor tazobactam (TAZ), were carried out in the field of pediatrics. 1. After intravenous administration of TAZ/PIPC at a dose of 25 mg/kg to one child, the peak plasma levels of TAZ and PIPC were 24.4 micrograms/ml and 119 micrograms/ml respectively after 5 min. The half-lives of TAZ and PIPC were 0.48 and 0.60 hours respectively. Same as 50 mg/kg to two children, the peak plasma levels of TAZ and PIPC were 17.5, 32.2 micrograms/ml and 92.8, 163 micrograms/ml after 5 min. The half-lives of TAZ and PIPC were 0.37, 0.50 hours and 0.51, 0.59 hours. A ratio of TAZ to PIPC was about 1 to 4 in plasma levels. The cumulative urinary recovery rates of TAZ and PIPC in the first 6 hours after intravenous administration were 15.8, 64.9% and 39.8, 53.4%. 2. The antibacterial activity of TAZ/PIPC against clinically isolated organisms was determined. The MICs of TAZ/PIPC were < or = 0.05 microgram/ml against Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae and > or = 1.56 micrograms/ml against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus parainfluenzae. 3. The clinical efficacy of TAZ/PIPC could be evaluated in 14 patients with various bacterial infections, and was evaluated as "excellent" in 9 patients and as "good" in 5. The overall clinical efficacy rate in 14 cases was 100% and excellent was 64.3%. Bacteriological efficacy rate was 91.7% (10/11). 4. As a side effect, loose stool was observed in one case, no abnormal laboratory test values were observed. It has been concluded that TAZ/PIPC was a useful drug in the field of pediatrics.