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Related Experiment Videos

Effects of sustained flow reduction on postnatal intestinal circulation

P T Nowicki1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210; and Wexner Institute for Pediatric Research, Childrens Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA.

The American Journal of Physiology
|October 2, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Neonatal swine intestines constrict progressively when blood flow is reduced, unlike adult swine. This age-dependent response in gut vascular resistance may involve nitric oxide and angiotensin pathways.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Neonatal Physiology
  • Gastrointestinal Physiology

Background:

  • Intestinal hemodynamics are crucial for nutrient absorption and tissue viability.
  • Understanding age-specific responses to reduced blood flow is vital for neonatal care.
  • Mechanically induced flow reduction can reveal underlying vascular regulatory mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of sustained, mechanically induced intestinal blood flow reduction on hemodynamics and oxygenation.
  • To determine if these effects differ between neonatal (3-day-old) and older (35-day-old) swine.
  • To explore the potential roles of nitric oxide and angiotensin in mediating these responses.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro and in vivo studies using swine intestinal loops.

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  • Controlled-pressure and controlled-flow perfusion models were employed.
  • Measurements of vascular resistance and responses to L-arginine analog and angiotensin receptor antagonist.

    • Main Results:

    • 3-day-old swine showed progressive increases in intestinal vascular resistance following sustained flow reduction.
    • 35-day-old swine exhibited minimal increase in vascular resistance under similar conditions.
    • Nomega-monomethyl-L-arginine partially inhibited the delayed resistance increase in neonates; losartan attenuated the late-stage resistance increase.

    Conclusions:

    • The postnatal intestinal circulation exhibits age-specific vasoconstriction in response to sustained flow reduction.
    • This phenomenon is more pronounced in younger (3-day-old) swine compared to older (35-day-old) swine.
    • Mechanisms may involve reduced nitric oxide production and/or local angiotensin production.