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Peripheral arteriographic studies in leprosy

P L Wahi, S Kaur, M B Vadwa

    Clinical Radiology
    |July 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Vascular lesions are common in leprosy, affecting hand and foot arteries in most patients. These arterial changes likely contribute significantly to the mutilation and deformities seen in leprosy.

    Area of Science:

    • Vascular Medicine
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Dermatology

    Background:

    • The role of vascular lesions in leprosy pathogenesis remains controversial.
    • Leprosy can lead to significant physical deformities, particularly in the extremities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the frequency and significance of vascular abnormalities in leprosy patients.
    • To determine the contribution of arterial changes to leprosy-related deformities.

    Main Methods:

    • Brachial and posterior tibial arteriography performed on 26 leprosy patients (<40 years old).
    • Histological examination of biopsy samples from patients and controls.
    • Assessment of skin thermometry and reflex vasodilatation in a subset of patients.

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    Main Results:

    • Arteriographic abnormalities observed in 50% of hand vessels and 75% of digital vessels.
    • Ulnar artery involvement was more common than radial artery.
    • Histological changes noted in various vessel sizes, including capillaries, in nearly half of the cases.
    • Impaired or absent reflex vasodilation observed in several leprosy types.

    Conclusions:

    • Arterial involvement in leprosy is frequent and widespread.
    • These vascular changes are likely a key factor in the development of hand and foot mutilations in leprosy.