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Related Experiment Videos

Base flipping

R J Roberts1, X Cheng

  • 1New England Biolabs, Beverly, Massachusetts 01915, USA. roberts@neb.com

Annual Review of Biochemistry
|October 6, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Base flipping allows enzymes to access DNA bases for chemical reactions. This review explores known and potential systems utilizing this essential DNA mechanism.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • Base flipping is a DNA conformational change where a base moves out of the helix.
  • Discovered in 1994 with DNA methyltransferase structures.
  • Crucial for enzymes needing access to DNA bases for chemistry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Review systems employing base flipping.
  • Identify systems likely using base flipping.
  • Discuss the mechanism and evolution of base flipping.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of structural and biochemical studies.
  • Analysis of enzyme-DNA interactions.
  • Comparative analysis of DNA repair and modification pathways.

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Main Results:

  • Base flipping is utilized by numerous enzymes, including DNA glycosylases.
  • Identified various enzyme families likely employing base flipping.
  • Provided insights into the mechanistic and evolutionary aspects of base flipping.

Conclusions:

  • Base flipping is a conserved and versatile mechanism in DNA-protein interactions.
  • Essential for DNA repair, modification, and other enzymatic processes.
  • Further research can elucidate its role in additional biological systems.