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Heterogeneity in the accessory olfactory system

M Halpern1, L S Shapiro, C Jia

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, SUNY Health Science Center at Brooklyn 11203, USA. mhalpern@netmail.hscbklyn.edu

Chemical Senses
|October 6, 1998
PubMed
Summary

The accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) shows regional differences in opossums, suggesting a functional split. This chemoarchitectural heterogeneity in the AOB and vomeronasal organ may reflect distinct processing pathways for olfactory information.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Olfactory System Research
  • Mammalian Neuroanatomy

Background:

  • The mammalian accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) exhibits chemoarchitectural heterogeneity.
  • Receptor cells projecting to the AOB are also heterogeneous.
  • The functional significance of this heterogeneity is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the chemoarchitectural heterogeneity of the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) in the gray, short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica).
  • To explore the relationship between AOB heterogeneity and the organization of the vomeronasal sensory epithelium.
  • To determine if AOB chemoarchitecture reflects a functional dichotomy within the vomeronasal system.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry using antibodies against olfactory marker protein (OMP), G protein subunits (Gi2 alpha, Go alpha), and lectin.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Histochemical staining with NADPH-diaphorase.
  • Wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) tracing studies.

    • Main Results:

    • Differential staining of the rostral and caudal AOB with OMP, Gi2 alpha, Vicia villosa lectin, and NADPH-diaphorase.
    • Predominant localization of Go alpha in the posterior AOB.
    • Vomeronasal sensory epithelium shows heterogeneity: basal third is Go alpha-immunoreactive, middle third is Gi2 alpha-immunoreactive.
    • Tracing studies show projections from the middle vomeronasal epithelium to the anterior AOB and from the basal epithelium to the posterior AOB.

    Conclusions:

    • The chemoarchitectural heterogeneity of the opossum AOB suggests a fundamental organizational and functional dichotomy within the vomeronasal system.
    • Specific molecular markers and projection patterns correlate with distinct anterior and posterior AOB regions.
    • This study provides evidence for segregated processing pathways within the mammalian vomeronasal system.