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[Air quality and microbiologic contamination in operating theatres]

B M Andersen1, R T Røed, N Solheim

  • 1Avdeling for sykdomsforebygging hos risikogrupper, Ullevål sykehus, Oslo.

Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening : Tidsskrift for Praktisk Medicin, Ny Raekke
|October 7, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Laminar air flow (LAF) significantly improves operating theatre air quality by reducing bacterial contamination and particles. Conventional ventilation is less effective, highlighting LAF

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Healthcare engineering
  • Infection control

Context:

  • Assessment of air quality and microbial contamination in newly constructed operating theatres.
  • Comparison between laminar air flow (LAF) for cardio-thoracic surgery and conventional ventilation for urological surgery.
  • Standardized conditions: identical air exchange rates (17/h), microclimate, and cleaning protocols.

Purpose:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of LAF ventilation versus conventional ventilation in maintaining sterile operating environments.
  • To quantify bacterial contamination levels (colony-forming units per cubic meter) under different ventilation systems.
  • To assess the impact of personnel presence and surgical equipment (diathermy) on air quality.

Summary:

  • LAF-ventilated theatre: bacterial counts consistently below 10 CFU/m³, with most samples < 5 CFU/m³ despite 10 personnel.

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  • Conventionally ventilated theatre: bacterial counts reached up to 120 CFU/m³ with approximately 7 personnel.
  • LAF ventilation effectively reduced airborne particles and floor bacterial contamination; cleaning procedures had minimal impact. Diathermy use increased airborne particles.

    • Impact:

    • Demonstrates superior performance of LAF ventilation in minimizing microbial load in operating rooms.
    • Provides quantitative data on bacterial reduction, supporting the adoption of advanced ventilation for infection control.
    • Highlights the need to manage particle generation from surgical tools to further enhance operating theatre air quality.