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Updated: Aug 1, 2026

Optimized Setup and Protocol for Magnetic Domain Imaging with In Situ Hysteresis Measurement
Published on: November 7, 2017
In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy Studies of the Magnetization Reversal Mechanism in Information Storage
Petford-Long1, Portier, Bayle-Guillemaud
1Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK
Abstract:
: The Foucault and Fresnel modes of Lorentz microscopy, together with a quantitative magnetization mapping technique, summed image differential phase-contrast imaging, were used to study the magnetization reversal mechanism of the sense layer in spin-valve structures exhibiting the giant magnetoresistance effect. In addition to studies of sheet film, lithographically defined spin-valve elements were investigated. A current can be passed through the element during magnetizing so that the effect of the applied current on the giant magnetoresistance and magnetization reversal mechanism can be studied. Results are presented for a number of different spin-valve structures.
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