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Vocal cord paralysis

P C Fitzpatrick1, R H Miller

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology/HNS, Tulane Medical Center, New Orleans, La., USA.

The Journal of the Louisiana State Medical Society : Official Organ of the Louisiana State Medical Society
|October 15, 1998
PubMed
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Vocal cord paralysis, affecting all ages, stems from vagus nerve damage, often due to surgery or trauma. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for restoring laryngeal function and reducing patient disability.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Vocal cord paralysis presents diverse symptoms, from hoarseness to airway obstruction.
  • It affects patients across all age groups and requires prompt etiological diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the causes, diagnosis, and management of vocal cord paralysis.
  • To highlight the importance of identifying the etiology for effective treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of peripheral lesions affecting the vagus nerve and its branches.
  • Analysis of common etiologies including neoplasms, iatrogenic injury, and trauma.
  • Examination of historical and recent incidence rates of vocal cord paralysis post-thyroid surgery.

Main Results:

  • Peripheral lesions account for 90% of vocal cord paralysis cases.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Thyroid surgery's contribution to unilateral vocal cord paralysis has significantly decreased to under 5% from nearly a third.
  • Diverse treatment options are available to mitigate functional disability.

    • Conclusions:

    • Accurate diagnosis of vocal cord paralysis etiology is paramount.
    • Effective management strategies can significantly improve patient outcomes and reduce socioeconomic impact.