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Energy requirements for growth and development in infancy
1School of Human Movement Studies, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia. ps.davies@qut.edu.au
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|October 15, 1998
Summary
Current infant energy recommendations may be too high. New research using doubly labeled water shows actual energy needs are lower, especially for healthy infants, but higher for those born small for gestational age.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nutrition
- Metabolic Research
- Infant Physiology
Background:
- International energy requirement recommendations for infants are based on intake measurements, which are prone to significant error.
- Total energy expenditure (TEE) measurements offer a more accurate method for assessing infant energy needs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare current infant energy recommendations with TEE measurements.
- To evaluate the energy requirements of specific infant populations, including those born small for gestational age and with cystic fibrosis.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the doubly labeled water technique to measure TEE in approximately 300 healthy infants in their first year of life.
- Analyzed TEE data from infants born small for gestational age and infants with cystic fibrosis.
Main Results:
- TEE measurements indicate that energy requirements for healthy infants are lower than current international recommendations.
- Infants born small for gestational age exhibit approximately 20% higher TEE compared to appropriate-weight infants.
- Recent data suggest that cystic fibrosis does not inherently increase TEE in infants, contrary to previous beliefs.
Conclusions:
- Current international recommendations for infant energy requirements may overestimate actual needs.
- Infants born small for gestational age require higher energy intake for optimal nutrition.
- The energy-wasting lesion hypothesis in cystic fibrosis appears unfounded based on current TEE data.
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