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Experimental tumour induction by SV40 transformed cells
J L Cook1, B A Routes, L Sompayrac
1National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, CO 80206-1997, USA.
Developments in Biological Standardization
|October 17, 1998
Summary
SV40 (Simian vacuolating virus) immortalization alone rarely causes tumors in most species. Tumorigenicity requires additional genetic mutations, highlighting SV40
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Virology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Simian vacuolating virus (SV40) can transform cells from various species.
- SV40-transformed cells, except those from Syrian hamsters, typically lack tumorigenicity in immunocompetent hosts.
- Tumorigenicity can be induced in SV40-transformed cells through secondary manipulations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of serial mutations in the tumorigenicity of SV40-transformed cells.
- To propose a model where SV40 immortalization is an initial step in a multi-step oncogenic process.
Main Methods:
- Review of early observations on tumor induction by SV40 and transformed cells.
- Analysis of evidence supporting serial mutations in SV40-transformed cell tumorigenicity.
- Description of an SV40-transformed rat cell model to study tumor progression.
Main Results:
- SV40-transformed cells from species other than Syrian hamsters are generally not tumorigenic.
- Tumorigenicity of SV40-transformed cells appears to involve a series of genetic alterations.
- An SV40-transformed rat cell model demonstrates phenotypic changes during tumor progression.
Conclusions:
- SV40 immortalization is likely the first step toward tumorigenicity in non-hamster cells.
- Secondary genetic events are crucial for complementing SV40 immortalization to achieve a fully tumorigenic phenotype.
- Understanding SV40 oncogenicity necessitates defining these secondary genetic events.