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Random vs. systematic sampling from administrative databases involving human subjects

C Hagino1, R J Lo

  • 1Research Department, Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics
|October 20, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Simple random sampling (SRS) and systematic sampling (SS) provide similar and accurate distributions for key chiropractor demographics. Both methods effectively represent the target population with sample sizes greater than 200.

Area of Science:

  • Biostatistics
  • Epidemiology
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Accurate sampling is crucial for reliable health research.
  • Simple random sampling (SRS) and systematic sampling (SS) are common techniques.
  • Comparing their efficacy in specific populations is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the accuracy and similarity of SRS and SS.
  • To evaluate their performance across various sample sizes.
  • To assess demographic distributions (age, gender, location, practice years).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Canadian Chiropractic Association membership database.
  • Tested SRS and SS with sample sizes from 50 to 800.
  • Assessed similarity using predefined criteria (±7 yr or ±7 percentage points).

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  • Performed statistical tests (chi-squared, t-tests) and calculated percent agreements.

    • Main Results:

    • SRS and SS yielded acceptably similar results across tested sample sizes.
    • Both methods produced accurate sample profiles starting at n > 200.
    • Agreements between provincial distributions were generally high.

    Conclusions:

    • Systematic sampling (SS) is a convenient and recommended method for large databases.
    • SS is suitable when data lacks inherent order bias beyond alphabetical listing.
    • Both SRS and SS are viable for sampling chiropractor populations.