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Related Concept Videos

Enhanced Elimination of Poison01:26

Enhanced Elimination of Poison

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Poison can be effectively removed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract through various decontamination procedures.
Antidotes serve a crucial role in counteracting the effects of poison by inhibiting enzymes responsible for producing harmful drug metabolites. In some cases, these toxic metabolites can be neutralized by endogenous cosubstrates, which are maintained at specific concentrations to prevent interaction with cellular macromolecules and subsequent cell death.
Renal excretion is the...
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Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison01:14

Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison

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In cases of acute poisoning, the primary objective is to prevent further absorption of the toxic substance into the body. Immediate interventions using various decontamination techniques targeting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can achieve this. Decontamination is crucial to prevent poison from entering the systemic circulation, which involves washing affected areas with water and mild soap and removing contaminated clothing. Once external decontamination is done, attention must be turned to...
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Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment01:26

Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment

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Anticholinesterases, also known as cholinesterase inhibitors, work by blocking the breakdown of acetylcholine, leading to its accumulation in the synaptic cleft. This accumulation indirectly enhances both muscarinic and nicotinic actions. These agents are classified as reversible or irreversible based on their mechanism of action.     
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is...
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Self-Help Support Groups01:28

Self-Help Support Groups

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Self-help support groups are voluntary, community-based organizations that provide a platform for individuals with shared concerns to exchange support, insights, and practical strategies for coping with life challenges. Typically led by group members or paraprofessionals, these groups form a cornerstone of mental health care, especially in reaching populations that are underserved by traditional healthcare systems.
Accessibility and Cost-Effectiveness
One of the primary strengths of self-help...
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Support Reactions01:30

Support Reactions

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A coplanar force system refers to a set of forces that all lie in the same plane and are subject to different reactions between the point of contact and the supports. Understanding how different types of supports affect coplanar forces is crucial for designing safe and reliable structures that can withstand external loads.
The purpose of the supports is to prevent the translational motion of the system by applying an equal and opposite force and to prevent the system's rotation by applying...
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Support Reactions in Three Dimensions01:27

Support Reactions in Three Dimensions

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Support reactions in three dimensions help maintain the stability and equilibrium of various structures and systems. These reactions prevent the system from translating and rotating, ensuring the design can withstand external forces and perform its intended function efficiently and safely. Some of the supports providing support reactions in three dimensions are discussed below:
Ball and Socket Joint is one of the supports allowing free rotation about any axis. This freedom of rotation is...
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[From laboratory to practice: counseling with clinicians].

Klinicheskaia laboratornaia diagnostika·2014
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Guidelines for laboratory analyses for poisoned patients in the United Kingdom.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

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Laboratory support for the poisoned patient

I D Watson1

  • 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fazakerley Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
|October 21, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Toxicology lab analysis is not always needed for poisoning, but advanced techniques like mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance can improve patient care and toxicokinetic knowledge.

Area of Science:

  • Clinical Chemistry
  • Toxicology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Poisoning management often relies on clinical assessment, but specific toxicological analyses are crucial for certain substances like paracetamol (acetaminophen), lithium, and methanol.
  • Effective patient management necessitates accurate quantitative or qualitative analysis for critical toxins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore advanced analytical techniques for improved toxicology screening and patient management in poisoning cases.
  • To evaluate the potential of novel spectrometric-spectroscopic methods for comprehensive toxicologic screens, particularly in complex cases like comatose patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of standard toxicology methods including immunoassays, chromatography, and spectrophotometry.
  • Integration and advancement of techniques such as mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and hyphenated techniques (e.g., LC-MS-MS).

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  • Preliminary trials of Thin-Layer Chromatography coupled with Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry (TLC-FABMS-MS).

    • Main Results:

    • Established analytical methods are being enhanced by mass spectrometry and future techniques.
    • Preliminary results for TLC-FABMS-MS show satisfactory performance as a potential procedure.
    • Advanced techniques offer new perspectives to improve understanding of toxicokinetics.

    Conclusions:

    • While standard methods are adequate, there is a need for more comprehensive toxicologic screens.
    • Emerging spectrometric-spectroscopic methods, including TLC-FABMS-MS, show promise for future reference centers.
    • Advancements in analytical techniques are expected to significantly enhance patient management in toxicology.