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[Mallory-Weiss syndrome]

S Tanabe1, K Saigenji

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|October 22, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Mallory-Weiss syndrome causes upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to tears near the esophagogastric junction, often from increased abdominal pressure. Endoscopic treatment may be needed for persistent bleeding, followed by acid suppression therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Internal Medicine

Context:

  • Mallory-Weiss syndrome is a significant cause of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, accounting for 3-15% of cases.
  • Tears typically occur at the esophagogastric mucosal junction, predominantly on the gastric side.

Purpose:

  • To summarize the etiology, presentation, and management of Mallory-Weiss syndrome.
  • To highlight the role of endoscopic interventions in controlling hemorrhage.

Summary:

  • Mallory-Weiss syndrome results from a tear near the esophagogastric junction, often induced by increased intra-abdominal pressure from vomiting or retching.
  • While hemorrhage frequently stops spontaneously, persistent bleeding necessitates endoscopic hemostasis, such as thermocoagulation or hemoclipping.
  • Post-procedure management includes fasting and acid secretion inhibitors like H2-receptor antagonists or proton pump inhibitors.

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Impact:

  • Provides a concise overview for clinicians managing upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
  • Emphasizes the importance of endoscopic techniques for hemostasis in Mallory-Weiss syndrome.
  • Informs post-procedural care to prevent rebleeding and promote healing.