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[Epidemiology of infectious endocarditis]
F Delahaye1, V Goulet, C Leport
1Service de cardiologie Hôpital cardio-vasculaire et pneumologique BP Lyon-Montchat.
La Revue Du Praticien
|October 22, 1998
Summary
Infective endocarditis incidence rises with age, with streptococci as the leading cause. This serious heart infection carries a significant in-hospital fatality risk and long-term complications.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Context:
- Infective endocarditis (IE) incidence is 20-160 cases per million annually, increasing with age.
- Patient profiles include no prior heart disease (30%), native valve disease (30-60%), or prosthetic valves (15-20%).
- Streptococci are the primary causative agents, with increasing prevalence of digestive streptococci and staphylococci.
Purpose:
- To summarize current epidemiological trends, causative agents, and clinical outcomes of infective endocarditis.
- To highlight the persistent and age-related nature of this cardiovascular infection.
- To inform on risk factors, treatment challenges, and long-term prognosis.
Summary:
- IE incidence is not decreasing and affects all age groups, particularly the elderly.
- Common microorganisms include streptococci, with a rise in digestive streptococci and staphylococci.
- In-hospital case fatality ranges from 13-20%, with ongoing risks of late surgery and recurrence.
Impact:
- Understanding IE trends is crucial for targeted prevention and treatment strategies.
- The rising incidence of specific pathogens necessitates updated antimicrobial guidelines.
- Long-term management must address the significant risk of cardiac complications and recurrent infections.