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Related Experiment Videos

Genetic variation in the PRRS virus

M P Murtaugh1, K S Faaberg, J Laber

  • 1Department of Veterinary PathoBiology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|October 23, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus strains show significant genetic variation. North American PRRSV isolates form a distinct, diverse group separate from European strains.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Molecular Evolution
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) causes significant economic losses in swine production.
  • PRRS emerged in the late 1980s/early 1990s, with distinct European and North American isolates identified.
  • Early studies revealed serological and nucleotide sequence differences between European (Lelystad) and North American (VR2332) PRRSV isolates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify genetic variation within Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV).
  • To understand the molecular mechanisms driving PRRSV evolution.
  • To delineate genetic relationships between North American and European PRRSV strains.

Main Methods:

  • Nucleotide sequencing of PRRSV strains from the United States and Canada.

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  • Comparative sequence analysis of open reading frames (ORFs) 2-7.
  • Phylogenetic analysis of over 150 PRRSV isolates.

    • Main Results:

    • Intra-North American PRRSV sequence variation ranged from 2.5% to 7.9% among ten U.S. strains.
    • European Lelystad virus showed an average of 35% nucleotide sequence divergence from U.S. PRRSV clones.
    • North American PRRSV isolates formed a single, genetically diverse group distinct from European forms.

    Conclusions:

    • Direct molecular evidence confirms distinct genetic groupings of U.S. and European PRRSV.
    • North American PRRSV represents a large, diverse genetic cluster separate from European variants.
    • Understanding PRRSV genetic diversity is crucial for disease control and vaccine development.