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Empathy: a study of two types

G W Evans1, D L Wilt, M R Alligood

  • 1University of Tennessee, College of Nursing, Knoxville 37996-4180, USA.

Issues in Mental Health Nursing
|October 23, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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This study found that trained empathy in nursing students does not last, while basic empathy does. Findings suggest nursing education should focus on fostering innate empathy rather than teaching techniques.

Area of Science:

  • Nursing Education
  • Affective Domain in Nursing
  • Holistic Nursing

Background:

  • The art of nursing includes abstract, affective components like empathy.
  • Previous models did not fully differentiate types of empathy.
  • M. R. Alligood (1992) proposed two types: trained and basic empathy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Examine differences between trained and basic empathy.
  • Evaluate the endurance of empathy scores over time.
  • Inform nursing education practices regarding empathy development.

Main Methods:

  • Measured trained empathy using the Layton Empathy Test.
  • Measured basic empathy using the Hogan Scale.
  • Collected data from 106 nursing students over their BSN program.

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Main Results:

  • Confirmed the existence of two distinct types of empathy.
  • Demonstrated differentiation in the endurance of trained versus basic empathy.
  • Found that trained empathy is not sustained over time.

Conclusions:

  • Trained empathy is not sustained in nursing students.
  • Measuring baseline basic empathy is crucial for nursing education.
  • Rethinking empathy training methods is necessary to foster innate empathy.