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Metabolic crisis: hyperemesis gravidarum
L H Snell1, B P Haughey, G Buck
1Department of Nursing, D'Youville College, Buffalo, New York, USA.
The Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing
|October 23, 1998
Summary
Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy affect many women, but severe cases, known as hyperemesis gravidarum, can cause serious health issues. This review covers its definition, causes, and treatments.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP) affects 50-70% of pregnant individuals.
- While typically self-limiting, a subset progresses to hyperemesis gravidarum (HG).
- HG is a severe condition with risks including dehydration, malnutrition, and electrolyte imbalance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current research on hyperemesis gravidarum.
- To summarize the definition, etiology, epidemiology, and treatment of HG.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent research on hyperemesis gravidarum.
- Synthesis of information regarding HG's characteristics and management.
Main Results:
- Hyperemesis gravidarum is a significant complication of pregnancy.
- Untreated or improperly treated HG can lead to severe maternal morbidity and mortality.
- Current research focuses on understanding the multifactorial causes and optimizing treatment strategies.
Conclusions:
- Early recognition and appropriate management of hyperemesis gravidarum are crucial.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the etiology and improve treatment efficacy.
- Effective treatment can mitigate the severe consequences of HG for maternal health.