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Related Experiment Videos

Bacteria for the nineties

H R Devlin1

  • 1St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Ostomy/Wound Management
|October 23, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Enterococci (VRE) is a growing threat in wound infections. Prudent antimicrobial use and infection control are crucial to delay the emergence of new resistant strains.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococci are increasingly implicated in wound infections.
  • Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) prevalence has risen significantly in North America since the 1980s and 1995, respectively.
  • Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) and vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) are emerging challenges in patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the increasing prominence of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococci in wound infections.
  • To discuss the mechanisms and spread of antimicrobial resistance in these pathogens.
  • To emphasize the need for effective infection control and antimicrobial stewardship.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological trends and resistance mechanisms for MRSA, VISA, and VRE.

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  • Discussion of current treatment challenges and control strategies.
  • Synthesis of information regarding the emergence and spread of resistant strains.

    • Main Results:

    • MRSA resistance is mediated by the mecA gene, producing altered PBP 2a.
    • VISA strains have been isolated in Japan and the United States, necessitating interim control guidelines.
    • VRE strains, resistant to multiple antimicrobials including beta-lactams and aminoglycosides, are prevalent in the US and Canada and difficult to treat.

    Conclusions:

    • Microorganisms rapidly develop resistance to newly developed antimicrobials.
    • Strict adherence to infection control practices is essential.
    • Antimicrobial agents should be reserved for confirmed infections to prevent or delay resistance.