Xenon-enhanced CT: clinical applications

A constant challenge for health care providers caring for the neurologically injured patient is to restore function and/or prevent permanent disability. Advances in technology have led to the development of diagnostic studies that assist in determining potential and actual neuronal injury. Xenon-enhanced computed tomography (CT) provides reproducible quantitative information coupled with anatomic CT imaging. Not only does it provide accurate estimation of cerebral blood flow, but it also reflects regional alterations in flow. This technique is useful for identifying those patients who have, or are at risk for, ischemic compromise. Xenon-enhanced computed tomography is useful when assessing the patient with an acute neurologic change who is being considered for thrombolytic therapy and for patients with carotid artery stenosis to evaluate cerebrovascular reserve. This article will focus on the clinical applications of xenon-enhanced CT.