Pathomechanics and classification of cartilage lesions, facilitation of repair

Joint forces have a high potential to promote degenerative changes in articular cartilage. Researchers have not yet developed a material that simulates natural articular cartilage, and replacement procedures have finite lives. In all patients, regardless of diagnostic category, the impact of rehabilitative procedures on the integrity and health of articular cartilage should be a consideration. In this paper, I will review why articular cartilage breaks down, how cartilage lesions are classified in vitro and in vivo, as well as cartilage's capacity for repair and repair enhancement. The primary focus will be on processes and procedures that impact physical therapy. Review sources included common computer-based search instruments and literature in all languages. This research showed that most studies have been conducted on animals, which differ in important respects from humans. Such studies, however, provide guidelines for physical therapists. Unloading and overloading are detrimental to articular cartilage. Research indicates value in controlled, progressive regimes that alternate load and non-load conditions.