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Differences in anxiety between first-time and multiple-time inmates: a multicultural perspective

V Reinhardt1, R Rogers

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of North Texas 76203-1280, USA.

The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law
|October 24, 1998
PubMed
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First-time male inmates show greater Generalized Anxiety Disorder symptom severity compared to repeat offenders. State anxiety was higher than trait anxiety for most incarcerated individuals, with few ethnic differences observed.

Area of Science:

  • Forensic Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Anxiety disorders are prevalent in incarcerated populations.
  • Understanding differences between first-time and repeat offenders is crucial for targeted interventions.
  • Previous research suggests ethnic variations in anxiety symptoms within correctional settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate anxiety symptom differences between first-time and multiple-time male inmates.
  • To examine associated features of anxiety in this specific demographic.
  • To explore potential ethnic variations in anxiety presentation among incarcerated individuals.

Main Methods:

  • A sample of 129 male inmates from a large urban jail was assessed.
  • Three anxiety measures were utilized: Structured Clinical Interview of DSM-III-R Disorders (SCID) anxiety disorders module, State Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) anxiety scales.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Participants were categorized as either first-time or multiple-time offenders.

    • Main Results:

    • First-time inmates exhibited greater symptom severity for Generalized Anxiety Disorder, particularly vigilance and scanning symptoms.
    • Both groups reported higher state anxiety than trait anxiety, a pattern not observed in African American inmates.
    • Few significant ethnic differences in anxiety symptoms were found, contrasting with prior research.

    Conclusions:

    • First-time incarceration is associated with heightened Generalized Anxiety Disorder symptomology.
    • State anxiety appears more prominent than trait anxiety in incarcerated males, with racial/ethnic moderators potentially influencing this relationship.
    • The findings suggest a need for tailored anxiety management strategies within correctional facilities, considering offense history and potential ethnic nuances.