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Related Experiment Videos

Hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus

T O'Brien1, T T Nguyen, B R Zimmerman

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Mayo Clinic Proceedings
|October 27, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Diabetic dyslipidemia, including high triglycerides and low HDL, increases coronary artery disease risk. While type 1 diabetes lipid issues often resolve with glycemic control, type 2 diabetes may require further intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease.
  • Lipoprotein abnormalities, specifically hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein, are common in diabetes.
  • These lipid abnormalities contribute to cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics and management of dyslipidemia in diabetic patients.
  • To highlight the differences in lipid profile management between type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • To provide recommendations for screening and treatment targets for dyslipidemia in diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on diabetes and dyslipidemia.
  • Analysis of lipid abnormalities in type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

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  • Evaluation of treatment strategies, including lifestyle modifications and pharmacotherapy.

    • Main Results:

    • Hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL are prevalent in diabetes.
    • Lipid abnormalities in type 1 diabetes often improve with glycemic control.
    • In type 2 diabetes, lipid abnormalities may persist despite optimal glycemic control, necessitating further management.
    • Lowering LDL cholesterol is proven effective for secondary prevention of coronary artery disease events in diabetic patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Screening for dyslipidemia is crucial in all patients with diabetes mellitus.
    • Treatment goals include LDL cholesterol <130 mg/dL and triglycerides <200 mg/dL.
    • Management involves glycemic control, diet, exercise, weight loss, and pharmacotherapy (statins or fibrates) when needed.