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Conditioning in the circadian system

S Amir1, J Stewart

  • 1Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Chronobiology International
|October 27, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Circadian rhythms can be reset by learned cues, not just light. Pavlovian conditioning in rats showed neutral stimuli paired with light can shift the internal clock and SCN activity.

Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Light is the primary environmental cue for synchronizing circadian rhythms.
  • The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the hypothalamus acts as the mammalian circadian pacemaker.
  • Traditionally, light's role in circadian rhythm resetting was considered solely photic-dependent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the plasticity of the SCN's light-resetting mechanism.
  • To determine if circadian clock resetting can be influenced by conditioned stimuli.
  • To explore the role of learning in entraining circadian rhythms.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were subjected to Pavlovian conditioning, pairing a neutral stimulus with light exposure.
  • Cellular responses within the SCN, including Fos protein expression, were measured.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Behavioral rhythm phase shifts were monitored in free-running conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • A neutral stimulus, when paired with light, elicited cellular responses (Fos expression) in the SCN.
    • Conditioned stimuli were capable of inducing phase shifts in free-running rhythms.
    • These findings demonstrate that the circadian clock resetting mechanism is amenable to conditioned stimulus control.

    Conclusions:

    • The circadian clock's response to light is more flexible than previously understood.
    • Learning and environmental cues preceding light onset can acquire the function of light in resetting circadian rhythms.
    • This suggests a significant role for associative learning in the entrainment of circadian pacemakers.