Related Experiment Videos
Internal anal sphincter: advances and insights
1Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Medical Center, Knoxville, USA.
Diseases of the Colon and Rectum
|October 27, 1998
Summary
The internal anal sphincter plays a crucial role in maintaining anal continence, despite past ambiguity. Recent studies highlight its importance in preventing fecal leakage and its abnormal function in fecal incontinence.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Colorectal Surgery
- Physiology
Background:
- The internal anal sphincter's role in anal continence has been debated.
- Its contribution to resting anal pressures is significant, yet surgical division doesn't always impair continence.
- Recent findings suggest abnormalities in innervation and reflex response are linked to fecal incontinence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current understanding of internal anal sphincter physiology.
- To explore its role in maintaining anal continence in health and disease.
- To discuss recent advances in evaluating internal anal sphincter function.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature.
- Electromyography (EMG) of the internal anal sphincter.
- Manometry to assess anal pressures.
- Ultrasonography for structural evaluation.
Main Results:
- The internal anal sphincter is vital for resting anal pressure and preventing fecal leakage.
- Abnormalities in its innervation and reflex response are implicated in fecal incontinence.
- Sphincter-saving surgeries and restorative proctocolectomy underscore its importance.
Conclusions:
- The internal anal sphincter's significance in anal continence is increasingly recognized.
- Understanding its pathophysiology is crucial for managing fecal incontinence.
- Advances in diagnostic techniques provide new insights into its function.