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Self-reported infectious mononucleosis and 6 cancers: a population-based, case-control study

R Levine1, K Zhu, Y Gu

  • 1Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA.

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases
|October 28, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Infectious mononucleosis (IM) occurring less than five years before diagnosis showed a strong association with six cancers. However, IM occurring five or more years prior suggested a protective effect for four non-lymphoma cancers.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Oncology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Infectious mononucleosis (IM), a common viral illness, has been investigated for potential links to various cancers.
  • Understanding the temporal relationship between IM and cancer development is crucial for etiological research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the association between self-reported infectious mononucleosis (IM) and six specific cancer types.
  • To analyze the impact of the time interval between IM diagnosis and cancer onset on the observed associations.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving males aged 15-39 in 1968 across eight cancer registry areas.
  • Cases comprised individuals with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, sarcoma, primary liver, nasopharyngeal, and nasal cancers.

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  • Controls were randomly selected men identified via telephone dialing.

    • Main Results:

    • A strong positive association was observed between IM occurring less than five years before cancer onset and the six studied cancers (OR ranging from 4.59 to 7.49).
    • For IM occurring five or more years prior to cancer, the overall odds ratio was 1.08, with specific findings for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (1.07) and Hodgkin's disease (1.35).
    • A potential protective association was suggested for IM occurring five or more years before onset concerning the four non-lymphomatous cancers, though noted with extreme caution.

    Conclusions:

    • Recent infectious mononucleosis (IM) is strongly associated with an increased risk of developing several cancers, particularly lymphomas.
    • The timing of IM infection relative to cancer diagnosis appears critical in determining the nature and magnitude of the association.
    • Further research is warranted to explore the potential long-term protective effects of earlier IM infections on specific non-lymphomatous cancers.