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Updated: Aug 8, 2026

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice and Evaluation of the Disease-dependent Distribution of Immune Cells in Various Tissues
08:47

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice and Evaluation of the Disease-dependent Distribution of Immune Cells in Various Tissues

Published on: May 8, 2016

[Disseminated encephalomyelitis in children and its differential diagnosis from multiple sclerosis]

V N Efimenko

    Likars'Ka Sprava
    |October 30, 1998
    PubMed

    Insights

    Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) presents with acute onset and widespread neurological involvement, differing from multiple sclerosis (MS). Some children with ADEM may develop MS later in life.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Neurology
    • Neuroimmunology
    • Demyelinating Diseases

    Background:

    • Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and disseminated sclerosis (DS) are distinct neurological conditions in children.
    • Differentiating between ADEM and DS is crucial for appropriate diagnosis and management.
    • Pediatric demyelinating diseases require careful evaluation due to overlapping symptoms.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the clinical and diagnostic features of ADEM and DS in pediatric patients.
    • To identify key distinctions between ADEM and DS.
    • To evaluate the utility of various diagnostic tests in differentiating these conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative study of 30 children with ADEM and 24 children with DS.
    • Utilized neuroimaging (CT, MRI), visual evoked potentials, and immunological assays.
    • Clinical assessment of disease onset, symptoms, and course.

    Main Results:

    • ADEM is characterized by acute onset, infectious symptoms, and involvement of white matter, nuclear formations, and peripheral nervous system.
    • ADEM typically follows a unidirectional course with residual events, unlike DS.
    • A clear distinction was observed in 16 children; 14 with residual pyramidal syndrome showed potential for future DS development.
    • Standard differential-diagnostic tests had limited informative value.

    Conclusions:

    • ADEM and DS exhibit distinct clinical presentations and pathological involvement in children.
    • Early differentiation is essential, as some ADEM cases may evolve into DS.
    • Further research is needed to refine diagnostic tools for early and accurate differentiation.

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