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[Tests on ionic release from glass-ionomer cements]

S Eramo1, M Fraschini, G Lomurno

  • 1Cattedra di Clinica Odontoiatrica, Università degli Studi, Perugia.

Minerva Stomatologica
|October 30, 1998
PubMed
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Glass-ionomer dental materials can release toxic arsenic ions. This study found some products exceed safe limits, requiring better production control and limited use in dentistry.

Area of Science:

  • Dental Materials Science
  • Toxicology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Glass-ionomer systems used in dentistry can undergo dissolution in oral liquids.
  • This process leads to the release of ions, including toxic heavy metals like arsenic (As).
  • The release of these ions poses a potential health risk, particularly in pediatric and restorative dentistry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the amount of hydro- and acid-soluble arsenic released from five different glass-ionomer products.
  • To compare arsenic ion release in water and concentrated nitric acid solutions.
  • To assess the safety of these materials based on established international standards.

Main Methods:

  • High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPCL) was employed for precise arsenic ion quantification.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Five distinct ionomeric products were tested.
  • Arsenic release was measured in two different media: water and concentrated nitric acid.

    • Main Results:

    • Arsenic concentrations in some tested glass-ionomer products exceeded the limits set by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the Fédération Dentaire Internationale (FDI).
    • The study identified specific products with concerning levels of arsenic ion release.
    • Variations in arsenic release were observed depending on the product and the testing medium.

    Conclusions:

    • A significant proportion of glass-ionomer products may release unacceptable levels of arsenic.
    • Enhanced quality control during the manufacturing of these dental materials is crucial.
    • Recommendations include limiting the use of certain glass-ionomer systems and employing protective measures like dental dams and varnishes in specific clinical situations.