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Related Experiment Videos

Second trimester screening for Down's syndrome using maternal serum dimeric inhibin A

J E Haddow1, G E Palomaki, G J Knight

  • 1Foundation for Blood Research, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA.

Journal of Medical Screening
|October 31, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Maternal serum dimeric inhibin A shows promise for improved Down's syndrome screening. Adding this marker enhances detection rates and could reduce fetal losses in prenatal screening programs.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Genetics
  • Obstetrics

Background:

  • Second-trimester screening for Down's syndrome is crucial for prenatal diagnosis.
  • Existing serum markers have limitations in detection rates and false positives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of dimeric inhibin A in second-trimester Down's syndrome screening.
  • To assess the combined efficacy of dimeric inhibin A with established serum markers.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study utilized serum samples from Down's syndrome pregnancies and matched unaffected controls.
  • Dimeric inhibin A levels were measured using monoclonal antibodies.
  • Screening performance was modeled using analyte distributions and US demographic data.

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Main Results:

  • Median dimeric inhibin A levels were significantly higher in Down's syndrome pregnancies (2.10 times).
  • Combining dimeric inhibin A with maternal age and three other markers increased Down's syndrome detection to 75% (from 66%) at a 5% false positive rate.
  • The addition of dimeric inhibin A was cost-effective, potentially reducing fetal losses.

Conclusions:

  • Dimeric inhibin A shows potential for enhancing Down's syndrome prenatal screening.
  • Consideration should be given to incorporating dimeric inhibin A, possibly replacing existing markers.
  • FDA-approved kits are a current barrier to widespread implementation in the US.