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[Pure alexia: presentation of a case]

M Cáceres-Toledo1, M Márquez-Fernández, J Pérez-Nellar

  • 1Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico-Quirúrgico Hermanos Ameijeiras, La Habana, Cuba.

Revista De Neurologia
|October 31, 1998
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a case of pure alexia without agraphia, a reading difficulty caused by an occipital infarct. Neurophysiological testing revealed specific event-related potential (ERP) abnormalities, confirming the diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Neurology
  • Neurophysiology

Background:

  • Pure alexia, a condition characterized by the inability to read despite preserved writing ability, can result from focal brain lesions.
  • Occipital lobe infarcts are a known cause of visual processing deficits, including alexia.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with transient bilateral amaurosis followed by severe reading difficulty, initially misdiagnosed as presbyopia.
  • Neurophysiological evaluation using event-related potentials (ERP) was performed.

Findings:

  • The study identified a lack of the P-300 wave during a phonetic discrimination task, indicating impaired auditory processing.
  • A normal P-300 wave was recorded during a graphic discrimination task, suggesting intact visual processing for non-linguistic stimuli.

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Implications:

  • This case highlights the utility of event-related potentials (ERP) in diagnosing pure alexia without agraphia.
  • The findings underscore the complex relationship between visual processing, auditory processing, and reading in the context of focal cerebral injury.
  • Non-invasive neurophysiological methods can effectively elucidate cognitive deficits associated with specific brain lesions.